方式状语从句|方式状语从句定义及用法简明教程

方式状语从句（方式状语从句定义及用法简明教程）

由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导
1) as, (just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文体，例如：
Always do to the others as you would be done by.
你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。
As water is to fi百思特网sh, so air is to man.
我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.
正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。
2) as if, as though
两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛……似的"，"好像……似的" 。这两个连词经常用在be，act，appear，behave，fell，look，seem，smell，sound，taste及其他描写行为举止的动词之后，引导一个方式从句。例如：
They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.
他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似的。(与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。)
He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lightning.
他那样子就像被雷击了似的。(与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。)
It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.
看来天气很快就会好起来。(实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。)
说明：as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语、形容词或介词短语，例如：
He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time.
他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。
He cleared his throat as if to say something.
他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。

The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.
波涛冲击着岩石，好像很愤怒。
as if 和as though 引导的从句中的时态取决于说话者对所谈内容的态度。若说话者认为其看法是真的或可能会成为事实，从句谓语就按常规变化。
例如：
He looks as if he is angry.
他看上去好像生气了。
It looked as if there would be an exciting race.
看来要有一场激动人心的比赛。
When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed，the astronauts feel as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor.
当宇宙飞船以巨大的速度离开地球时，宇航员们觉得自己百思特网好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。
如果从句的内容是不真实的，是与事实相反的，从句的谓语时态要用虚拟语气。主句谓语用一般现在时态，对从句的谓语形式没有影响。
例如：
He acted just as if he were afraid.
他装得好像很害怕的样子。
He behaves as if he were a child.
他的举止就像个孩子。[1]
其他的引导词
1)(in) the way (that)：Please pronounce the word the way I do.请照我这样,读这个单词.
2)口语常用的like：He sit there smiling like it was his birthday.他面带微笑坐在那儿,像是过生日似的. (这里用了虚拟语气，值得注意的是be动词用的was，而表示虚拟as if引导的be动词则只能是were 。)
状语从句的简化
状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it;②从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。例如：
When ( the museum i百思特网s ) completed , the museum will be open to the public next year .
He’ll go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible.
3)固定句式：A is to B what C is to D 例如：
Nine is to three what three is to one.
另外，比较状语从句经常省略。例如：
I’m taller than he (is tall ).
The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ).
就状语从句而言,有时为了使语言言简意赅,常常将状语从句进行"简化" 。状语从句的"简化"现象在口语中较为普遍,而且在高考中的复现率也较高。因此,有必要对其进行全面、透彻的了解。
状语从句的"简化"现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中:①由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句;②由although, though, even if / though等引导的让步状语从句;③由when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引导的时间状语从句;④由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句;⑤由as, than等引导的比较状语从句。下面针对这五种情形作一归纳。