时间定语从句的连接词

时间状语从句（The Adverbial Clause of Time）用来表达主句动作所发生的时间。
在时间状语从句中，除去表达意愿（肯、愿意）之外，一般不使用将来时态或表示将来的其他表现形式，而使用一般现在时或现在完成时代替一般将来时，用现在完成时代替将来完成时。
引导时间状语从句的连接词语有33例
after, as, all the time, the entire time, any time, as often as（相当于whenever）,as long as, as soon as, barely…before/when, before, by the time (that),
directly, during the time (that)（朗文英语语法第43页）, each time, every time (that)
(the) next time, even as, hardly…before/when, immediately, instantly,
no sooner…than, now (that), once, scarcely…before/when, since, so long as
the instant (that), the minute (that), the moment (that),
the day/month/week/year/morning/afternoon
the second (that), the first/second/third…/last time,
till, until, when, whenever, while, whilst等。
《英语语法大全》（伦道夫?夸克等著）第1493页
Every time (that) the telephone rings, he gets nervous.

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《英语语法大全》（伦道夫?夸克等著）第1526对比分句
whereas, while和whilst 。
当对比分句放在句首时，其对比意义可用诸如in contrast或by contrast等关联对偶联加状语来强调：
Mr Larson teaches physics, while Mr Corby teaches chemistry.
I ignore them, whereas my husband is always worried about what they think of us.
这三个从属连词时相互通用的，只是不常见的whilst特别在英国英语中屡有所见。
《英语语法大全》（伦道夫?夸克等著）第1493页15.25
作时间状语的限定分句由下列从属连词之一引导：
after, as, before, once, since, till, until, when, whenever, while, whilst（尤其英国英语）, now (that), as long as, so long as, as soon as, immediately（非正式用法，尤其英国英语）, directly（非正式英语，尤其英国英语）：
Buy your ticket as soon as you reach the station.
When I last saw you, you lived in Washington.
My family, once they saw the mood I was in, left me completely alone.
Drop by whenever you get the chance.
All applications, when they are received before the deadline, are dealt with promptly.
【时间定语从句的连接词】While I was asleep, I dreamed about you.
We came in just as it started to rain.
As I drove away, I saw them waving goodbye.
Wait until you’re called.
Since I saw her last, she had dyed her hair.
I’ll give you an answer immediately I’ve finished reading your file. （尤其英国英语）
其中除去whilst ，以及the day/month/week/year/morning/afternoon外，均需要知其含义、懂其用法，并可对相互之间的差异了如指掌。

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2017年7月14日